Jacquard mechanism for looms.



in. 802,938. PATENTED 00124, 1905. G. NAYLOR.

JAGQUARD MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 16, 1904.

3 SHEETSSHEIIT 1.

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No. 802,938. PATENTED OCT. 24, 1905. G. NAYLOR.

JAGQUARD MECHANISM FOR LOOMS. APPLICATION FILED MAR.1B. 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

ANDREW, 5 Guam c0. Fnmo-ui'uanmwuins. wnsumsmu. u c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACQUARD MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 24, 1905.

Continuation of application Serial No. 128,459, filed October 23,1902. This application filed March 16, 1904. Serial No. 198.379.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE NAYLOR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lewiston, in the county of Androscoggin and State of Maine, have invented an Improvement in Jac-.

in the hooks for lifting the harness-cords for opening a shed in the warp are arranged in pairsone pair for each harness-cordboth hooks being connected by a suitable neck-cord with a harness-cord or with a series of harness-cords to be handled together. These pairs of hooks have their upper engaging ends oppositely turned and are located between parallel griif-bars of two oppositely-moving griff-frames, each frame having a series of griff-bars. Each griif-frame and the upper edges of its grid-bars are capable of being lifted from the same low point where they receive the outturned upper ends of the hooks to substantially the same high point. Each hook of said pairs of hooks to be lifted in the prod uction of a shed is controlled by jacquard-needles that permit one or the other of the pair of hooks to engage one or the other of the griff-bars prior to lifting a grif'f-frame preparatory to forming a shed.

I The wire hooks employed in the jacquard to be described are of novel construction, each wire forming a hook being bent at its lower end to present three legs, between two of which is a crotch that seats itself on a cross-bar when a hook occupies its lowest position preparatory to being distributed by the action of the pattern cards or surface on the needles. The longer limb of each book is offset to contact with and rock over the wire forming the exterior of the crotch as the hooks descend into their lowest position, said longer limb being acted upon at such time between the offset portion thereof and the junction of said limb with the central leg of the hook, so that the outturned upper extremity of said hook is pressed toward the grifi-bar next to lift it as the jacquard pattern-surface calls for the lifting of said hook in the formation of the next shed.

Each needle is bent aside to constitute a pocket having two shoulders, and each pocket receives both' hooks of a pair of hooks, one

shoulder controlling one and the other shoulder the other hook of the pair.

I employ two jacquard-cylinders, each having its own line of cards, one line of cards acting on one and the other line on the opposite end of the same needles,and both cylinders are sustained by the same cylinder carrying slide-rods.

The main griff-frame is connected at its opposite ends with a plunger, one at each end of the head or frame in which the grilf-frames are made movable; but the secondary griffframe is slid on said plungers through a pair of levers mounted on a fixed fulcrum and links at the opposite ends of each lever, the link at one end of one lever being jointed to the main griff-frame, while the link at the other end of said lever is jointed to the second ary griff-frame.

In my novel jacquard mechanism I employ but one needle for each pair of hooks, the movement of the needle in one direction when a griff-bar occupies its lowered position causing the overturned upper extremity of the hook to be put into its abnormal position or out of the path of movement of the gritf-bar next to it as the latter rises.

The particular features in which my invention consists will be hereinafter more fullydescribed, and claimed in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure 1 in side elevation represents one of the two like ends of a head containing the jacquard mechanism to be herein described, the secondary griff-frame and its bars being represented as lifted, the hooks being omitted, one of the bars G being broken away at one end to show the parts on the opposite side of the head. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of Fig. 1, showing two pairs of hooks and the needles for controlling said hooks. Fig. 2is a detail .to'be referred to. Fig. 3 is a partial section below the dotted line m, Fig. 2. Fig. 4t shows part of two needles to illustrate the bends therein. Fig. 5 is a left-hand end view of'Fig. 1, partially broken out centrally, with the cylinder omitted, the figure showing two hooks, some of the parts at the left of said figure being in section.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the end frames of a jacquard-head. This head will be sustained in usual manner above the working parts of the loom on beams or a plat form of usual construction typified by the angle-iron beams A. The end frames are united by usual tie-rods A (Shown only in frame has suitable bosses A for the reception and guidance of plungers A, that are raised at one pick and lowered at a succeeding pick through a lever A and link A, joined adjustably to blocks A,pivoted on stands fast to said plungers, it being understood that these levers may be moved from a cam-shaft that is revolved once to each two revolutions of the crank-shaft of the loom. To the upper end of each plunger A is secured by a pm 10 the hub B of a cross-bar B, to which is secured by bolts B bars B having ears B to which are secured by screws B the griif-bars B. The cross-bars B and bars B constitute the main griff-frame. The griif-bars are arranged parallel one to the other according to the number of sets of hooks to be employed. The plunger A serves as a guide for the secondary grifli-frame comprising cross-bars C, stands 0, provided at their upper ends with bosses C presenting ears C to which are attached by screws C" the foot of auxiliary stand C having a series of standards O to which are joined by screws 2 aseries ofgrifibars O Each cross-bar Chas a central boss, which with the bosses 0 fit the plunger A loosely and are movable thereon as the plungers are actuated in moving the main griffframe. Each side frame of the head has a bridge-piece A (shown by dotted lines, Fig. 1, and in section, Fig. 5,) that supports a stud D, that constitutes a fulcrum for two levers D E.

The right-hand end of lever D, Fig. 1, is joined adjustably by connecting rod or link D with the right-hand end of the cross-bar B, forming part of the main grilf-frame, while the left-hand end of said lever is joined by the adjustable connecting rod or link D with the left-hand end of the cross-barf), forming part of the secondary griif-frame. The right-hand end of lever E is joined adjustably by the depending connecting rod or link E with the right-hand end of said cross-bar O, and the left-hand end of said lever E is joined adjustably by the connecting rod or link E with the bar B of the main grid-frame.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that as the main griff-frame is raised and lowered it, through the intermediate connections including the lever and connecting rods or links, moves the secondary grid-frame in the opposite direction and that the oppositelydirected outturned upper ends of the hooks working in pairs are made to release or to engage. a griff-bar of either grid-frame only when the grifi-frame having the bars to be engaged by and to lift a hook occupies its lowest position and while the hooks are sustained in their lowest positions by contact of their crotches with the cross-bars to be described.

The griff-bars of each griff-frame are inclined oppositely, the griff-bars B being inclined outwardly toward the left, Fig. 2, while the grid-bars C are inclined outwardl toward the right, so that the space between the lower edges of two griif-bars 0 and 13, provided to coact with one pair of hooks-for instance, the first pair at the right of Fig. 2are separated farther than the upper edges of said bars, so that only the side of a descending bar will contact with the outturned upper end of a hook, thus preventing the bars when descending from striking and bending out of shape the upper end of a hook.

The hooks a a b b are worked in pairs, and the lower ends of each pair of hooks have attached to them a tail-cord 0 of usual kind,

that is connected with a harness-cord 0, that is to be lifted to lift a warp in the formation of a shed. Any of the hooks a of the pair a a may be lifted by one of the griff-bars B and any hooks to of said pair by one of the griffbars C, as the pattern-surface demands, and whichever hook is to be lifted is engaged with the grilf-bar when the griff-frame is in its lowest position and the crotch 12 of each hook is seated on a cross-bar 6, there being a number of such bars according to the number of rows of hooks used in the machine. The cross bars enter at their ends a series of notches in bars L0, and between their ends said cross-bars are'sustained by a series of bars 41.

The wire from which each hook is made is offset at a and thereafter bent at a and returned on itself, forming an intermediate leg a, and then again bentto form the crotch, the extremity a of the wire occupyinga position in line with the rest of the wire, so folded as to form at the lower end thereof three legs. as shown in Fig. 2.

I arrange in the head below the cross-bars a series of compressing-bars d, sustained in notches of supporting-bars d the compressing-bars being so arranged that the longer limb of each hook is acted upon as the hook descends that its crotch may be seated on a cross-bar, said compressing-bars by contacting with the longer limbs of each hook Between its lower bend a and the offset portion a forcing said offset portion against the crotch bend, causing the upper end of the hook to be borne toward a grifl-bar in a yielding manner, so that as a griff-bar descends and contacts at its inner side with the upper end of a hook which is down the griff-bar will push the upper end of the hook opposite to the springing tendency exerted by the compressingbars 03, so that as the griff -bar arrives at it lowest position with its upper edge below the outturned upper end of the hook the hook will be made to move at its upper end toward the griff-bar, so that in case the griff-bar over which the outturned upper end of the hook has been automatically moved rises it will take such hooks with it. p

I provide the head with a series of bars f, one of which is shown fully in Fig. 2, having at its upper edge a series of notches that receive a series of stop-rodsf, that limit the extent of the movement of the upper end of the hook automatically, due to the action of the com pressing-bars d thereon, as described. These stops are so located as to arrest the outturned ends of the hooks at just such a point that as a griff-bar descends (see Fig. 2) the inclined inner side of the grifibar will meet the hook and move the same backwardly away from the stop-rods f until the griff-bar descends below the outturned upper end of the book, when immediately said upper end automatically assumes the position Fig. 2 of the needles controlled by the patternsurface, and controlling that hook indicates that said hook should be raised in the next shed.

The head at its opposite sides has suitable guides Gr attached thereto by bolts G. These guides receive slide-rods G to the opposite ends of which are attached by screws G collars G of heads G that sustain usual jacquardcylinders G, over which are hung and which in their rotation move a series of jacquardcards G of usual construction, these having holes at suitable intervals to prevent moving the needles 9 or to strike the needles at one or the other end and move the same.

It will be noticed, Fig. 1, that I employ two jacquard-cylinders and sets of cards, each sustained at opposite ends of the same sliderods, and that one series of jacquard-cards is moved atone shed to contact with one of the ends of the series of needles 9 and at the next shed with the opposite ends of said needles.

The needles herein are moved positively in one or the other direction only, as indicated by the jacquard, and each needle is bent, as shown in Fig. 4, to leave an open pocket c of suflicient size to receive in each pocket a pair of hooks, the pocket having two shoulders, and each book is maintained constantly against one of said shoulders, so that each needle in its two positions may cause one or the other needle to be so held as to be engaged by a rising griif-bar or be held out of position to be engaged thereby.

My improved guide-board or needle-guiding device comprises a frame 9, sustaining in its upper and lower cross-bars a series of upright pins or rods g and at a short distance behind said upright pins I sustain in the ends of the frame a series of horizontal guiderods 9 said upright or vertical and horizontal guide-rods being so located one set with relation to the other as to leave between them a series of spaces for the reception of the needles g.

It will be observed that flyings or waste of cotton or lint cannot collect on a guide-board made up of rods such as illustrated and that it presents no points at which the fiyings can accumulate and therefore clog the movement of the needles.

I have not shown herein means for turning the card-cylinders so that one card after another may be used, for the reason that said cylinder may be turned at the proper times by any usual or suitable cylinder-turning means, they being held in their operative position by usual T-shaped locking-bars gfi controlled by springs The slide-rods carrying at their opposite ends the jacquard-cylinders each have connected therewith a cam-slotted bar M, that receives a roller-stud m, extended from the boss B of the cross-frame B, said roller-stud when rising with the plunger in the inclined part 072/ of the slot causing the pattern-surface at the left hand in Fig. 1 to act on the needles and when descending in said inclined part of the slot, as in Fig. 1, causing the right-hand pattern-surface, Fig. 1, to act on the needles.

In the operation of the jacquard mechanism herein to be described it will be understood that the cards of each cylinder act on one or the other end of the needles to move them while the series of gritf-bars employed to open the shed in which the last pick of filling was shot is returning to its lowest point, so that as soon as said griff-bars arrive in their inward position the hooks which are next to be engaged as the griff-bars rise will be put automatically into their operative po" sition.

In the operation of my jacquard where I employ two hooks united by neck-cords to a harness cord or device controlling the warp ends it will be noticed that I may raise one hook of a pair by a griff-bar of one griffframe, and if the same warp is to be lifted in the next shed the position of the needles will indicate such fact, and the griff-bar then rising will engage and take up with it the opposite hook of the pair and maintain the warp ends controlled by both hooks of the pair in the upper plane of the shed.

I believe that I am the first to connect hooks used in pairs and having their upper ends outturned in opposite directions with two series of griif-bars having intermediate connections for moving them in opposite directions and capable of operating as herein described.

In Jacquard looms employing but one jacquard-cylinder acting on but one end of a series or bank of needles it is customary to run the pattern-surface at a faster speed than any other part; but in my jacquard I may run each pattern-surface at practically one-half the speed of the one-cylinder pattern-surface and yet produce the same number of yards of woven material.

It is Well understood that a high speed given to any particular part, say, of a loom calls for more power and greater wear, and by employing two jacquard-cylinders and series of cards, they operating alternately on opposite ends of the needle, I am enabled to reduce the speed of the pattern-surface to substantially half the speed required in those pattern-surfaces wherein but one cylinder is used. Thus by reducing the speed of the actuating parts for sliding the needles horizontally and moving them with a pattern-surface 'at both ends it is possible not only to do as much weaving as the highest speed ed jacquards of the present day using one pattern-surface, but that I may increase, if desired, the speed of motion of both my jacquard-cylinders, running each of them up to the highest limit of speed of the single jacquard-cylinder with corresponding increase of loom speed, and thus I may greatly increase the product of the loom.

In the foregoing specification I have described that the hooks a a b 7), arranged in pairs, are connected together by neck-cords, the neck-cords being connected with a cord or cords controlling one or more warp ends. In

some classes of weaving I may use each book separately th at is, may connect the lower end of each book directly with a harnesscordso that when one hook is lifted one harness-cord will be raised and when the other is lifted another harness-cord will be raised.

Using my improved jacquard mechanism in the last-described way substantially doubles the number of ends that may be used practically in the weaving of a particular pattern.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In jacquard mechanism, a main and secondary griff-frame, each having a set of griffbars inclining in opposite directions, a series of hooks arranged in pairs the hooks of each pair extending in opposite directions, said hooks being connected with harness-cords, and intermediate connections between the griif-frames for moving said griff-frames and their bars alternately in opposite directions between the same horizontal planes.

2. In jacquard mechanism, main and secondary griff-frames having each a set of griffbars oppositely inclined, a series of hooks oppositely disposed and arranged in pairs and adapted to be engaged by said griff-bars for moving the hooks upward from the same low position, and intermediate connections between the griff-frames for moving them simultaneously in opposite directions between the same horizontal planes.

3. In jacquard mechanism, a main griffframe having a series of griff-bars, a plunger with which said frame is connected, means to move said plunger, a secondary griff-frame.

having a series of griff-bars oppositely inclined to the griff-bars of the main grifi-.

tions intermediate said griff-frames whereby when said main griff-frame is moved by said plunger the secondary griff-frame will be moved in an opposite direction between the same horizontal planes as the main griffframe.

4;. In jacquard mechanism, a main griffframe having a series of griff-bars, means to move said frame, a secondary griff-frame having a series of griif-bars, means connecting said gritf-frames whereby one of said griffframes when moved in one direction actuates the other of said gri-ifframes in an opposite direction between the same horizontal planes as the main griif-frame, a series of hooks, and needles coacting with said hooks to determine which hook shall be engaged by the rising grifi-bars in the formation of a shed, and means for positively moving the needles in either direction.

5. In jacquard mechanism, a main griffframe having griif-bars, means to actuate said frame positively, a pair of levers, a stud serving as a fulcrum for said levers, a secondary griif-frame and its bars, and connecting-rods between the opposite ends of said levers and said main and secondary griff-frames, whereby as one griff-frame is moved positively in one direction the other griif-frame is moved in an opposite direction.

6. Injacquardmechanism,aplunger,means two griff-frames formoving the secondarygriff-frame in an opposite direction on or with relation to said main griff-frame and on or with relation to said plunger and between the same horizontal planes as the main griffframe. 7

7. In jacquard mechanism, a pair of alternately-operating griffframes having griffbars and movable between the same horizontal planes, means connected with one of said griffframes for operating the same, and means interposed between said pairs of griif-frames whereby the upward motion of one grilf-frame produces a downward motion of the other griif-frame, and vice versa.

8. In combination, a pair of griff-frames having griff-bars, means for reciprocating one of said griif-frames, pairs of levers, and means connecting each of said levers at its opposite ends with both said griff-frames whereby as one griff-frame is moved positively the other griif-frame is moved simultaneously in an opposite direction and between the same horizontal planes.

9. In jacquard mechanism, a head, a plunger guided at each end in said head, a griflframe connected with said plungers, a griffframe mounted to slide on said plungers, and means connecting said grifl-frames whereby the movement of the griff-frame connected with the plunger causes the simultaneous movement of the other grifi-frame in an opposite direction and between the same horizontal planes.

10. In jacquard mechanism, a head, plungers, means for actuating the same, a griffframe connected with said plungers and having grifi-bars, a griff-frame engaging loosely said plungers and having griif-bars, pairs of rocking levers at opposite ends of said head, and adjustable connections between the opposite ends of each of said levers and each of said griff-frames, to operate substantially as described.

11. In jacquard mechanism, two griffframes having each parallel grifl-bars, intermediate connections between the griff-frames for moving said griff-frames simultaneously in opposite directions between the same horizontal planes, jacquard-cylinders to sustain jacquard-cards, slide-rods each supporting at its opposite ends a jacquard-cylinder, a series of needles bent to form spaces, a pair of oppositely-disposed hooks located in each of said spaces, said jacquard-cards moving said needles positively in one and then the other direction to control the hooks to beengaged by the griff-bars of a rising grilf-frame.

12. In jacquard mechanism, a griff-frame having a series of griff-bars, and a series of hooks composed of wire bent at their lower ends to form crotches and present a plurality of legs, the longer upright part of each of said hooks having an offset, a cross-bar and compressing-bar, and a series of needle-stops. the cross-bar limiting the downward movement of the hook, and the compressing-bar serving to cause the upper outturned ends of each depressed hook to be borne with'a yielding pressure against said stops and toward their actuating griff-bars.

13. In jacquard mechanism, two griffframes each having griff-bars, intermediate connections between said grifi-frames for moving them in opposite directions between the same horizontal planes, the griIf-bars of one griff-frame being inclined from a perpendicular in one direction, while the griff-bars of the other grifl -frame are inclined in an opposite direction, a pair of hooks occupying normally a position between a griff-bar of one grifii-frame and a griflF-bar of the other grifl-frame, means positively acting in both directions controlling the positions of said hooks whereby any hook of one series of hooks may be lifted by the rising griff-bar of one griff-frame, and any one or more of a series of hooks of the other pair may be en gaged and raised by the griIf-bar of the other griff-frame when elevated.

14:. In jacquard mechanism, a griff-frame having a series of griff-bars, a series of hooks bent at their ends to form a crotch and legs, as described, the longer limb of said hook being offset, a series of cross-bars, a series of stops, and means acting upon the longer limb of each hook when the crotch rests on the cross-bar to force the upper end of each hook yieldingly against said stops, the inner sides of the descending grifl? bars meeting said hooks and forcing the same away from said stops, the outturned ends of said hooks snapping into position over the upper edges of said grifi-bars as the griff-frame arrives in its lowered position.

15. In jacquard mechanism, a grid-frame having a series of griif-bars inclined from a vertical plane, a series of hooks having their upper ends outturned, a series of stops, means acting on the longer limb of said hooks to cause said hooks when the needles occupy their lowest position to be turned yieldingly against said stops, and means to lower said gritf-frames one after the other, the grifl-bars as the frames descend meeting the upper ends of the hooks and moving the same away from said stops, said griff-frames being stopped in their lowest position with the upper edges of the griff-bars below the downturned upper ends of the hooks.

16. The combination in a jacquard mechanism, of a series of hooks offset in their longer limbs and bent to form crotches and presenting a downturned leg beyond said crotch, of a cross-bar, a compressing-bar, and a device to arrest the outward movement of the upper free end of the hook due to the action of the compressing-bar.

17. In jacquard mechanism, plungers, two griff-frames operable from said plungers simultaneously in opposite directions between the same horizontal planes, roller-studs movable therewith, two slide-bars having connected cam-slotted plates, a pattern-cylinder carried at each end of said slide-bars, and a series of freely-supported needles adapted to be moved positively in one and then in an opposite direction by one and then the other of said pattern-cylinders.

18. In jacquard mechanism, two grifiiframes, intermediate connections between said grid-frames to move them simultaneously in opposite directions between the same horizontal planes, a series of hooks, a bank of freelysupported needles, coacting with said hooks, two jacquard-cylinders provided with cards, and means to move said cylinders and cards to contact alternately with and move said needles to control the positions of said hooks preparatory to making a shed.

19. In jacquard mechanism, a series of books arranged in pairs, two griff-frames, intermediate connections between said frames for moving them simultaneously in opposite directions between the same horizontal planes, a bank of freely-supported needles, each needle having a shouldered space for the reception of a pair of hooks, two jacquard-cylinders having each a series of cards, means to actuate said cylinders and their cards to act alternately on one and then on the other ends of the bank of needles, one series of cards con- ICC) IIO

trolling the positions of the hooks preparato this specification in the presence of two sul0 tory to the rising of the griif-bars employed scribing Witnesses. in the production of one shed, the other series of cards controlling the positions of said GEORGE NAYLOR' 5 hooks preparatory to the rising of the griff- Witnesses:

bars in the production of a succeeding shed. GEo. W. GREGORY,

In testimony whereof I have signed-my name v I EDITH M. 'STODDARD. 

